In criminal law, self-defence is a recognised legal defence that allows a person to use reasonable force to protect themselves from harm. However, this defence is not absolute and is subject to strict legal requirements, especially under Zambian law. One…

The criminal justice system plays a crucial role in maintaining law and order by addressing crime through a range of responses. Traditionally, this system was largely retributive—focused on punishing the offender. However, in modern legal discourse, justice is no longer…

Introduction In 2022, Zambia made a landmark move by abolishing the death penalty through the Penal Code (Amendment) Act, joining a growing number of nations moving away from capital punishment. This development was widely celebrated by human rights advocates and…

Until recently, the offence of murder in Zambia carried the mandatory death penalty by hanging, as prescribed under the Penal Code. This punishment had long been a subject of human rights debates, both locally and internationally, with many arguing that…

In Zambia, the unlawful killing of another human being is considered one of the most serious criminal offences. However, the law recognizes different degrees of culpability depending on the circumstances under which the killing occurred. As such, a person who…

*Introduction* In Zambia, every lawyer who wishes to practice law is required to take an oath of allegiance to the President of the Republic of Zambia. This oath is a solemn promise to be faithful and bear true allegiance to…

The legal profession is built on a foundation of integrity, respect, and professionalism. As officers of the court, lawyers have a duty to uphold the dignity of the legal system and maintain a high standard of conduct. One crucial aspect…

In a significant development, lawyers in Zambia can now participate in tenders for the provision of legal services. This change opens up new opportunities for legal professionals to engage with various organizations and institutions. *Key Implications: – Increased Opportunities: Lawyers…

*Introduction *In a significant development for Zambia’s legal landscape, lawyers are now permitted to charge contingency fees, marking a shift from the previous prohibition under the Legal Practitioners Act. This change allows clients and their legal representatives to enter into…

*The Cyber Crimes Act 2025 is a crucial piece of legislation aimed at protecting individuals and organizations from cyber threats in Zambia. One of its fundamental provisions focuses on unauthorized access to digital devices, emphasizing the importance of privacy and…

*The Cyber Crimes Act 2025 is a significant step towards safeguarding individual privacy and security in Zambia. One of its key provisions focuses on the recording of private conversations, highlighting the importance of consent in digital interactions. *Recording Private Conversations:…